Pope at Work

Surrounded by friends and family, Domenico Tardini, 70, received the Pope's messenger bringing him official notification of his elevation to the cardinalate. In his acceptance speech, the new Vatican Secretary of State recalled that he had refused a red hat from the late Pope Pius XII. Then he added: "The truth is, I wanted to be left in peace. Pope Pius never made anybody do or not do anything. But Pope John has said 'I wish it.' and I have to obey."

In addition to handing out 23 red hats--whose color, the Pope reminded the new cardinals, symbolized the wearers' faithfulness "even to the shedding of blood"--Pope John XXIII last week also:

P: Appointed a new Apostolic Delegate to the U.S.--the Most Rev. Egidio Vagnozzi, 52, who has served as papal envoy to the Philippines since 1949. Archbishop Vagnozzi, the son of a Roman clerk, spent virtually all his career in the Vatican diplomatic service, has also had experience in the U.S. as secretary to the Apostolic Delegation from 1932 to 1942. In the U.S. post, Vagnozzi succeeds Amleto Cardinal Cicognani, whose new duties include posts in three of the Sacred Congregations.

P: Appointed Bishop John Francis Dearden of Pittsburgh archbishop of Detroit to succeed the late Edward Cardinal Mooney, who died in Rome a few hours before the consistory that elected Pope John (TIME, Nov. 3). Rhode Island-born Archbishop Dearden, 51, completed his studies for the priesthood in Rome, served as rector of St. Mary's Seminary in Cleveland before going to Pittsburgh.

P: Appointed Bishop William E. Cousins of Peoria, Ill. archbishop of Milwaukee to replace Archbishop Albert G. Meyer, who was transferred to Chicago (TIME. Oct. 6) to succeed the late Samuel Cardinal Stritch. Milwaukee's new archbishop, 56, a native Chicagoan, was auxiliary to Cardinal Stritch from 1949 until 1952.

P: Made a vigorous attack against anti-Catholic activities in China, and in his speech used the rare and uncompromising word schism ("it seems almost to burn our lips") to brand the activities of those collaborating bishops who are consecrating new bishops at the behest of the Communist government. Said Pope John: "If these, our afflicted children, are forced to undergo trials, tribulations and cruel hardships ... let them remember and meditate that such is the price of our invincible Christian faith . . ."

Home with them to their sees the new cardinals carried something besides their new red hats and rings. Each received a book of dos and don'ts for cardinals. Items: a cardinal's residence must be decorously furnished and must have an ample entrance, a throne room decorated with an oil painting of the reigning pontiff, a reception room and a chapel. Each cardinal must have a private means of transport, and should avoid public carriers such as streetcars, buses and taxis. He must not drive himself. If he goes out for a walk, he must be accompanied by a clergyman and must dress in black, without any visible insignia of his rank.

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