The Make-Up of the 83rd

The great Eisenhower landslide apparently carried with it a Republican majority into the House of Representatives.

Most of the steady, old hands of both parties (e.g., the Massachusetts duo, Republican Leader Joseph Martin and Democratic Leader John McCormack) will be back. One old face that will be missing: the pudgy countenance of New York's Democratic Representative Donald L. O'Toole a Yiddish-speaking Irishman, whose Brooklyn district was carved into a new shape last year by the Republican state legislature. In the new district, which gerrymanders through Brooklyn taking in some safe G.O.P. territory, the veteran O'Toole (eight terms) lost to Republican Lawyer Francis E. Dorn.

The Eisenhower uprising dropped Republicans into some seats which have long been warmed by Democrats. Harry Truman's home district in Missouri (the Fourth) elected a Republican Representative for the first time in 22 years. Virginia, which had not elected a Republican Congressman since 1930, gave three of its ten House seats to the G.O.P. Arizona, which had never sent a Republican to the House, elected Republican John Rhodes over Democratic Incumbent John Murdock.

In the Senate, the division is so close that numerical control--important because it means control of Senate committees and committee chairmanships--was still in doubt long after control of the House was decided. But in the light of Eisenhower's decisive victory, many a Democrat will probably be eager to cooperate with the new Administration. Several Southern Senators, e.g., Texas Ikeman Price Daniel, who takes over Tom Connally's seat, are certain to vote like Republicans although they wear the Democratic label. .

The Republicans' nine "safe" seats were held as expected: Maine's Governor Frederick G. Payne had been promoted to the Senate in the State's September election. California's Senator William F. Knowland was the nominee of both parties. Nebraska's Senator Hugh Butler and ex-Governor Dwight Griswold were easy winners. Vermont's Ralph Flanders, North Dakota's William Langer, Minnesota's Edward Thye and New York's Irving Ives had no trouble. In Ohio, mellifluous John Bricker easily defeated wisecracking Mike DiSalle, former U.S. price boss.

In addition to Texan Daniel, five Democrats claimed their sure seats: the five: Mississippi's John. C., Stennis, Florida's Spessard L. Holland, Virginia's Harry Byrd, Rhode Island's John O. Pastore, all incumbents, and Representative Albert Gore.

Among the Republican victors were two Senators the Democrats held up as objects for national scorn. In Wisconsin, red-hunting Senator Joe McCarthy, denounced by Democratic campaigners from coast to coast, ran far behind Eisenhower in defeating Democrat Thomas E. Fairchild. McCarthyites had predicted that McCarthy would help Ike carry the state.

In Indiana, Senator William E. Jenner, a blatant isolationist, barely managed to turn back Democratic Governor Henry Schricker's strong bid for the Senate seat.

In Delaware, Senator John ("Whispering Willie") Williams, the chicken-feed dealer who started the Internal Revenue Bureau scandal exposures, outran Lieut. Governor Alexis I. du Pont Bayard. Williams' standing as an exposer of corruption enabled him to overcome the formidable qualifications of Bayard, who comes from a direct line of five U.S. Senators (from his father to his great-great-great-grandfather), and whose mother is a du Pont.

Other Republican winners:

In Connecticut, Republicans held one seat and picked up another. Recently appointed Senator William A. Purtell, a Hartford manufacturer, ran so far ahead of Senator William Benton, a onetime adman, that Benton conceded three hours after the polls closed. In the race for the second Senate seat (a four-year term to replace the late Brien McMahon), Prescott Bush, member of the same Wall Street brokerage firm as Averell Harriman, beat Representative Abraham Ribicoff, the best Democratic vote-getter in the state.

In Maryland, Representative J. Glenn Beall scored a surprise victory for the seat vacated by Democratic Senator Herbert R. O'Conor. Beall beat George P. Mahoney, a popular Baltimore contractor.

In New Jersey, Senator H. Alexander Smith, 72 an early Eisenhower supporter, defeated Archibald Alexander, Wall Street lawyer who had served briefly as Under Secretary of the Army.

In Utah, Republican Arthur Vivian Watkins, 65, lawyer, weekly newspaper publisher and onetime district judge, who volunteered to run for the Senate in 1946 when nobody else thought a Republican could win, won re-election against Representative Walter K. Granger, who was Utah's only New Deal Congressman to survive in 1946.

In Nevada, the Republican incumbent, windy, British-baiting George W. ("Molly") Malone, 62, soundly trounced Democrat Thomas Mechling, 31. Democratic Senator Pat McCarran, who bitterly hates Senator Malone and does not speak to him, nevertheless supported him in revenge against Fair Dealer Mechling, an ex-Washington newsman who surprised everybody by snatching the Democratic nomination from McCarran's machine.

In Pennsylvania, Republican Edward Martin, 73, who has not been defeated for political office in half a century of politicking, won again, over former Federal Judge Guy K. Bard. A onetime Democrat and son of a sheep-raiser, Martin turned when Grover Cleveland took the high tariff off imported wool. A wounded veteran of World War I, Martin commanded Pennsylvania's 28th Division (as a major general) prior to World War II.

In Wyoming, popular Governor Frank A. Barrett, who had served three terms in Congress before he was elected governor, defeated one of the Senate's Democratic leaders, Joseph C. O'Mahoney, who ranked seventh (19 years) in Senate seniority.

In Kentucky, former Republican Senator John Sherman Cooper, a scholarly lawyer who enlisted as a private in World War II at the age of 41, ousted Democratic Senator Tom Underwood.

Among the Republican Senators who lost, ironically, was the man who guided Dwight Eisenhower's campaign during the troublous preconvention months: Senator Henry Cabot Lodge. In Massachusetts, poodle-haired, young (35) Representative John Kennedy narrowly defeated Lodge's bid for a fourth term. Kennedy, able son of Joseph Kennedy, onetime U.S. Ambassador to the Court of St. James's, had poured out the Kennedy family's funds and charm in one of the most intensive Senate campaigns Massachusetts had ever seen. Among his campaign fillips were teas given by his three beautiful sisters and his mother, where thousands of Massachusetts women sipped tea, ate cakes and were warmly greeted by the candidate.

In Washington, rasping Senator Harry Cain, who lost the good will of his constituents by failing to back or actually attacking public power bills and farm programs, lost a close race to Fair-Dealing Congressman Henry ("Scoop") Jackson.

In Missouri, W. Stuart Symington ousted Republican James Kem, whose isolationist record in the Senate had been attacked by the Democrats as a national bad example. Symington, onetime St. Louis industrialist (Emerson Electric Manufacturing Co.) who has held five top U.S. Government posts in the past seven years (among them: Secretary of the Air Force, administrator of the RFC), is a close friend of Ike Eisenhower, can be expected to cooperate with the new President.

In West Virginia, Democratic Senator Harley Kilgore, running under the friendly gaze of John L. Lewis and 115,000 United Mine Workers' Union members, was seriously challenged but managed to defeat former Republican Senator Chapman Revercomb.

Many hours after the polls had closed, four Senate races were still so close that the outcome was doubtful.

In New Mexico, Republican Patrick

Hurley, Secretary of War under Herbert Hoover and a Roosevelt emissary to China and Russia, was running a seesaw race with Democratic Senator Dennis Chavez.

In Arizona, Republican Barry Goldwater, a department-store operator who campaigned by airplane, was running ahead of Senate Majority Leader Ernest Mc-Farland.

In Michigan, Republican Representative Charles E. Potter, a legless World War II veteran, was ahead of Democratic Senator Blair Moody, ex-newsman who was making his first political race.

In Montana, veteran (five terms) Democratic Representative Mike Mansfield was leading Republican Senator Zales N. Ecton.

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