The Science Year

From laboratory and from factory during 1929 issued many a new discovery, many a new convenience for mankind. An epitome:

Chemistry

Hematin, the red iron core which carries oxygen into the blood, synthesized.

Metallic content of milk determined.

Bread baked in 45 minutes by means of brown powder made from wheat grains.

Orthohydrogen and parahydrogen, two different kinds of hydrogen molecules having electrons revolving in different directions, discovered.

Pepsin, the enzyme which digests food, crystallized for the first time.

Hydrogenation of crude oils developed to give larger yields of gasoline.

Rubber obtained from common U. S. plants.

Physics

Einstein's Einheitliche Feldtheorie given to Prussian Academy of Sciences for criticism.

Re-measurement of exact speed of light begun.

Diesel engine used successfully in longdistance airplane flight for first time.

Electronic engraving.

Photography

Tinting process for coloring whole scenes of talkies perfected.

Aerial camera used by aviators for locating ruins and for taking long distance photographs.

Talkies well established.

Magnafilms (extra wide) introduced for commercial cinema.

Radio

Practical use of ship-to-shore telephone conversation (see p. 36). Astronomy

Meteor in southwest Africa found to be biggest of its kind.

Sunrise over "Copernicus," a pit on the moon, effectively photographed.

Meteor body at Meteor Crater, Ariz., discovered and analyzed.

Another Milky Way moving over 2,000 mi. per sec. discovered.

200-in. quartz mirror telescope designed.

Metallurgy

Manganese-molybdenum alloy developed for rails.

Konel metal (nickel, cobalt, ferro-titanium) compounded for use as filaments in radio vacuum tubes, turbine blades, motor pistons, valves.

Perminvar, alloy used to "load" copper conductors in cables, perfected.

Ashton process developed for producing quantities of wrought iron at low cost.

Expeditions.

New mountains, coastlines, bays, and lands in Pacific quadrant of Antarctica discovered by Richard Evelyn Byrd from his station at Little America, Antarctica. He also flew over the South Pole.

Ten "Peking Men" (Pithecanthropus Erectus) found by a Canadian party near Peiping, China.

Carnegie, nonmagnetic yacht equipped by the Carnegie Institute to gather scientific data on all the seas, exploded and burned in Apia Harbor, Samoan Islands.

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